Two shots before surgery woke the immune system — and some brain-cancer patients lived far longer

For people whose glioblastoma — the toughest form of brain cancer — had come back, a UCLA team tried two immune medicines together before surgery. In a 63-person trial, patients on the pair lived a median of about 13.5 months, compared with about 9 months on one medicine alone, and about 15% became long-term survivors. Tumours packed with cancer-fighting T cells did best, giving doctors a clear clue for who to treat next — and a second UCLA study built a lab model that mirrors the human disease, so new ideas can be tested more honestly.